Issue I: Modernities of Ottoman Empire and Turkey, 1850-1950 

The collection of works from the History of Built Environment II class in Spring 2022, taught by Berkay Hayırlı, focuses on studies from 1850-1950 during the late Ottoman Empire and the early Turkish Republic. It examines the emergence and development of modernity, analyzing the spaces of modernity, significant events, and their impact on societal structures.